Personality Tests

Hand and computer searches located studies on the effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety. Effect sizes for the different treatments (e.g., Progressive Relaxation, EMG Biofeedback, various forms of meditation, etc.) were calculated. Most of the treatments produced similar effect sizes except that Transcendental Meditation had significantly larger effect size (p less than .005), and meditation that involved concentration had significantly smaller effect.

"Positive health," defined as a state beyond the mere absence of disease, was used as a model to examine factors for enhancing health despite extreme trauma. The study examined the United States' longest detained American prisoners of war, those held in Vietnam in the 1960s through early 1970s. Positive health was measured using a physical and a psychological composite score for each individual, based on 9 physical and 9 psychological variables. Physical and psychological health was correlated with optimism obtained postrepatriation (circa 1973).

Volunteer college students completed a categorisation task designed to test the hypothesis that adults organise their expectations of relationships in a manner that reflects a functional distinction between attachment and affiliation. Terms associated with the provision of security and with characteristics theoretically identified as definitive of attachment relationships were significantly more likely to be associated with the relationship identified as 'lover'.

Psychological kinship refers to valuing significant others as though they were members of one's own family. This construct has many implications for human relationships, including the client-therapist relationship (Bailey, 1988). A 60-item Kinship Scale was developed and administered to 63 undergraduates (39 females; 24 males), along with several other independent measures of sociality (Rubin Love and Liking scales; EPPS Affiliation, Nurturance, and Succorance scales; abbreviated UCLA Loneliness Scale) and the Spiritual Well-Being scales.

Shame-proneness has been found to be related to anger arousal and a tendency to externalize attributions for one's own behavior, both common features of men who assault their wives. The present study examined a potential origin of a shame-prone style by analysing reports of shaming experiences by ones' parents as reported by a population of assaultive males.

The personality traits of 40 women with non organ-specific dysimmune diseases were studied by means of a questionnaire devised to evaluate behavioural components including 48 items divided into 8 different patterns. The patients fell into 3 groups. Group I comprised 20 women with collagen diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 8), scleroderma (n = 4), Sharp's syndrome (n = 4), polymyositis (n = 3) and Shulman's syndrome (n = 1). Group II was made of 10 women with either primary (n = 6) or secondary (n = 4) Sjˆgren's syndrome.

In this article we present some of the more important findings from research aimed at the validation and normalisation of the Family Assessment Questionnaire (Dyadic Questionnaire, Family Questionnaire, Self-Estimation Questionnaire), which is the Polish adaptation of Manfred Cierpka's and Gabriele Frevert's "Familienboegen". In the presented study 1511 individuals from 557 families took part.

The personality traits of 40 women with non organ-specific dysimmune diseases were studied by means of a questionnaire devised to evaluate behavioural components including 48 items divided into 8 different patterns. The patients fell into 3 groups. Group I comprised 20 women with collagen diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 8), scleroderma (n = 4), Sharp's syndrome (n = 4), polymyositis (n = 3) and Shulman's syndrome (n = 1). Group II was made of 10 women with either primary (n = 6) or secondary (n = 4) Sjˆgren's syndrome.

In this article we present some of the more important findings from research aimed at the validation and normalisation of the Family Assessment Questionnaire (Dyadic Questionnaire, Family Questionnaire, Self-Estimation Questionnaire), which is the Polish adaptation of Manfred Cierpka's and Gabriele Frevert's "Familienboegen". In the presented study 1511 individuals from 557 families took part.

Spirituality is increasingly being examined as a construct related to mental and physical health. The definition of spirituality, however, has been changing. Traditionally, spirituality was used to describe the deeply religious person, but it has now expanded to include the superficially religious person, the religious seeker, the seeker of well-being and happiness, and the completely secular person. Instruments used to measure spirituality reflect this trend.