Cisplatin

Publication Title: 
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

BACKGROUND: This is the second update of the review first published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews in 2009, Issue 1. Epithelial ovarian cancer is diagnosed in over 200,000 women worldwide each year. Ten to 20% of women are diagnosed early, when there is still a good possibility of cure. The treatment of early-stage (stage I and IIa) disease involves surgery to remove the disease, often followed by chemotherapy (adjuvant chemotherapy).

Author(s): 
Lawrie, Theresa A.
Winter-Roach, Brett A.
Heus, Pauline
Kitchener, Henry C.
Publication Title: 
Cancer Investigation

Paclitaxel is an active agent for adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus and is a radiation sensitizer. We sought to investigate the toxicity and complete response rate of paclitaxel, cisplatin, and concurrent radiation for esophageal cancer. Forty-one patients with esophageal cancer were studied, 29 with adenocarcinomas and 12 with squamous cell cancers. Twelve patients had tumor extension into the proximal stomach and/or abdominal adenopathy.

Author(s): 
Safran, H.
Gaissert, H.
Akerman, P.
Hesketh, P. J.
Chen, M. H.
Moore, T.
Koness, J.
Graziano, S.
Wanebo, H. J.
Publication Title: 
Oncology Reports

Silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) is a highly conserved protein, the mammalian orthologue of which, SIRT1, exhibits histone deacetylase activity. SIRT1 is involved not in only longevity due to caloric restriction but in a variety of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular dysfunction and neurodegeneration. However, accumulating evidence shows that SIRT1 is overexpressed in various types of malignant cells, and its inhibitors suppress the growth of tumor cells. The relationship between SIRT1 and metastasis remains to be clarified.

Author(s): 
Suzuki, Kensuke
Hayashi, Ryuji
Ichikawa, Tomomi
Imanishi, Shingo
Yamada, Toru
Inomata, Minehiko
Miwa, Toshiro
Matsui, Shoko
Usui, Isao
Urakaze, Masaharu
Matsuya, Yuji
Ogawa, Hirofumi
Sakurai, Hiroaki
Saiki, Ikuo
Tobe, Kazuyuki
Publication Title: 
Cancer Research

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT; the catalytic protein subunit of telomerase) is subjected to numerous alternative splicing events, but the regulation and function of these splice variants is obscure. Full-length hTERT includes conserved domains that encode reverse transcriptase activity, RNA binding, and other functions. The major splice variant termed ?+?- or ?-deletion is highly expressed in stem and cancer cells, where it codes for a truncated protein lacking most of the reverse transcriptase domain but retaining the known RNA-binding motifs.

Author(s): 
Listerman, Imke
Sun, Jie
Gazzaniga, Francesca S.
Lukas, Jason L.
Blackburn, Elizabeth H.
Publication Title: 
Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao = Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To our knowledge, there has been no clinical report of artesunate in the treatment of lung cancer. This study was designed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of artesunate combined with NP (a chemotherapy regimen of vinorelbine and cisplatin) and NP alone in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: One hundred and twenty cases of advanced NSCLC were randomly divided into simple chemotherapy group (control group, n=60) and combined artesunare with chemotherapy group (trial group, n=60).

Author(s): 
Zhang, Zhu-Yi
Yu, Shi-Qing
Miao, Li-Yun
Huang, Xiao-Ying
Zhang, Xiao-ping
Zhu, Yu-Ping
Xia, Xiao-hong
Li, Dan-Qi
Publication Title: 
ChemMedChem

In parts of Africa and Asia, self-medication with a hot water infusion of Artemisia annua (Artemisia tea) is a common practice for a number of ailments including malaria and cancer. In our earlier work, such an extract showed better potency than artemisinin alone against both chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant parasites. In this study, in vitro tests of the infusion in MCF7 cells showed high IC50 values (>200 ?M).

Author(s): 
Suberu, John O.
Romero-Canelón, Isolda
Sullivan, Neil
Lapkin, Alexei A.
Barker, Guy C.
Publication Title: 
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutics against a wide range of cancers including head, neck, ovarian and lung cancers. But its usefulness is limited by its toxicity to normal tissues, including cells of the kidney proximal tubule. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether the hydro-alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia could decrease the intensity of toxicity in Swiss albino mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cisplatin at a dose of 12 mg/kg body wt was administered intraperitoneally to Swiss albino mice.

Author(s): 
Joy, Jisha
Nair, Cherupally Krishnan Krishnan
Publication Title: 
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics

AIM OF STUDY: To explore the ability of two Ayurvedic formulations, Brahma Rasayana (BRM) and Chyavanaprash (CHM) in alleviating Cisplatin (Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum [II] CDDP) induced acute nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss albino mice were administered with CDDP (12 mg/kg, i.p) and two doses of BRM or CHM (1 and 2 g/kg). Various antioxidant parameters in the kidney as well as release of marker enzymes in the serum were assayed. Histology of the kidney was also performed to check for CDDP induced damages.

Author(s): 
Menon, Aditya
Krishnan Nair, Cherupally Krishnan
Publication Title: 
Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Cystone, a polyherbal ayurvedic preparation, was found to protect rats partially but significantly against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity, when given intraperitonially 1 h before cisplatin. At 500 and 1000 microg/ml, it also inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by cisplatin in renal cortical slices by 62.7 and 71.6%, respectively. The rats pretreated with cystone (1000 mg/kg i.p.) had significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (33.8 and 0.92 mg/dl, respectively) compared to cisplatin alone (51.5 and 1.41 mg/dl, respectively).

Author(s): 
Rao, M.
Rao, M. N.
Publication Title: 
Journal of Ethnopharmacology

The effect of cystone, a polyherbal ayurvedic preparation, on the nephrotoxicity and antitumor activity of cisplatin is studied in C57BL/6J mice bearing B16F1 melanoma. Intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin 6 mg/kg, resulted in significant reduction of body weight, elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels on day 5. Cystone was found to protect tumor-bearing mice from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, when given i.p. 1 h before cisplatin. At 1000 mg/kg, it showed 46, 57 and 66% protection on body weight, BUN and serum creatinine levels, respectively.

Author(s): 
Rao, M.
Praveen Rao, P. N.
Kamath, R.
Rao, M. N.

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