Cytoplasm

Publication Title: 
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

The present study was undertaken to gain insights into the molecular mechanism of cell death (apoptosis) by guggulsterone, a constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, using PC-3 human prostate cancer cells as a model. The viability of PC-3 cells, but not a normal prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC), was reduced significantly on treatment with guggulsterone in a concentration-dependent manner.

Author(s): 
Singh, Shivendra V.
Zeng, Yan
Xiao, Dong
Vogel, Victor G.
Nelson, Joel B.
Dhir, Rajiv
Tripathi, Yamini B.
Publication Title: 
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

The present study was undertaken to gain insights into the molecular mechanism of cell death (apoptosis) by guggulsterone, a constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, using PC-3 human prostate cancer cells as a model. The viability of PC-3 cells, but not a normal prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC), was reduced significantly on treatment with guggulsterone in a concentration-dependent manner.

Author(s): 
Singh, Shivendra V.
Zeng, Yan
Xiao, Dong
Vogel, Victor G.
Nelson, Joel B.
Dhir, Rajiv
Tripathi, Yamini B.
Publication Title: 
Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology

Bacopa monnieri (BM) an herb, found throughout the Indian subcontinent in wet, damp and marshy areas is used in Ayurvedic system of medicine for improving intellect/memory, treatment of anxiety and neuropharmacological disorders. Although extensively given to children as a memory enhancer, no data exists on its ability to modulate neuronal oxidative stress in prepubertal animal models.

Author(s): 
Shinomol, George K.
Muralidhara, null
Publication Title: 
The Journal of Nutrition

Despite recent advances in antibiotic therapy and intensive care, sepsis remains a widespread problem in critically ill patients. The high mortality from sepsis is in part mediated by bacterial endotoxin, which stimulates macrophages/monocytes to sequentially release early (e.g., tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and interferon-gamma) and late [e.g., high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)] proinflammatory cytokines. Our discovery of HMGB1 as a late mediator of lethal systemic inflammation has initiated a new field of investigation for the development of experimental therapeutics.

Author(s): 
Wang, Haichao
Li, Wei
Li, Jianhua
Rendon-Mitchell, Beatriz
Ochani, Mahendar
Ashok, Mala
Yang, Lihong
Yang, Huan
Tracey, Kevin J.
Wang, Ping
Sama, Andrew E.
Publication Title: 
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950)

In response to inflammatory stimuli (e.g., endotoxin, proinflammatory cytokines) or oxidative stress, macrophages actively release a ubiquitous nuclear protein, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to sustain an inflammatory response to infection or injury. In this study, we demonstrated mild heat shock (e.g., 42.5 degrees C, 1 h), or enhanced expression of heat shock protein (Hsp) 72 (by gene transfection) similarly rendered macrophages resistant to oxidative stress-induced HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation and release.

Author(s): 
Tang, Daolin
Kang, Rui
Xiao, Weimin
Jiang, Lei
Liu, Meidong
Shi, Yongzhong
Wang, Kangkai
Wang, Haichao
Xiao, Xianzhong
Publication Title: 
Molecular Biology of the Cell

Maintenance of intestinal mucosal epithelial integrity requires polyamines that modulate the expression of various genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Recently, polyamines were shown to regulate the subcellular localization of the RNA-binding protein HuR, which stabilizes its target transcripts such as nucleophosmin and p53 mRNAs. The activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2) mRNA encodes a member of the ATF/CRE-binding protein family of transcription factors and was computationally predicted to be a target of HuR.

Author(s): 
Xiao, Lan
Rao, Jaladanki N.
Zou, Tongtong
Liu, Lan
Marasa, Bernard S.
Chen, Jie
Turner, Douglas J.
Zhou, Huiping
Gorospe, Myriam
Wang, Jian-Ying
Publication Title: 
The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Human methionine adenosyltransferase 2beta (MAT2beta) encodes for two major splicing variants, V1 and V2, which are differentially expressed in normal tissues. Both variants are induced in human liver cancer and positively regulate growth. The aim of this work was to identify interacting proteins of V1 and V2. His-tagged V1 and V2 were overexpressed in Rosetta pLysS cells, purified, and used in a pulldown assay to identify interacting proteins from human colon cancer cell line RKO cell lysates. The eluted lysates were subjected to Western blot and in solution proteomic analyses.

Author(s): 
Xia, Meng
Chen, Yongheng
Wang, Ling-Chi
Zandi, Ebrahim
Yang, Heping
Bemanian, Sean
Martínez-Chantar, M. Luz
Mato, José M.
Lu, Shelly C.
Publication Title: 
PloS One

BACKGROUND: A liver-derived protein, fetuin-A, was first purified from calf fetal serum in 1944, but its potential role in lethal systemic inflammation was previously unknown. This study aims to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of hepatic fetuin-A expression during lethal systemic inflammation (LSI), and investigated whether alterations of fetuin-A levels affect animal survival, and influence systemic accumulation of a late mediator, HMGB1.

Author(s): 
Li, Wei
Zhu, Shu
Li, Jianhua
Huang, Yan
Zhou, Rongrong
Fan, Xuegong
Yang, Huan
Gong, Xing
Eissa, N. Tony
Jahnen-Dechent, Willi
Wang, Ping
Tracey, Kevin J.
Sama, Andrew E.
Wang, Haichao
Publication Title: 
Biochemical Pharmacology

Historically, consumption of Green tea (Camellia sinensis) has been associated with health benefits against multiple diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disorders. Emerging evidence has suggested a pathogenic role for HMGB1, a newly identified "late" mediator of lethal systemic inflammation, in the aforementioned diseases. Here we demonstrated that a major ingredient of Green tea, EGCG, was internalized into HMGB1-containing LC3-positive cytoplasmic vesicles (likely autophagosomes) in macrophages, and induced HMGB1 aggregation in a time-dependent manner.

Author(s): 
Li, Wei
Zhu, Shu
Li, Jianhua
Assa, Andrei
Jundoria, Arvin
Xu, Jianying
Fan, Saijun
Eissa, N. Tony
Tracey, Kevin J.
Sama, Andrew E.
Wang, Haichao
Publication Title: 
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

Hu antigen R (HuR) is a central RNA-binding protein regulating cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and survival, which are well-established hallmarks of cancer. HuR is frequently overexpressed in tumors correlating with tumor malignancy, which is in line with a role for HuR in tumorigenesis. However, the precise mechanism leading to changes in HuR expression remains unclear. In the liver, HuR plays a crucial role in hepatocyte proliferation, differentiation, and transformation.

Author(s): 
Embade, Nieves
Fernández-Ramos, David
Varela-Rey, Marta
Beraza, Naiara
Sini, Marcella
Gutiérrez de Juan, Virginia
Woodhoo, Ashwin
Martínez-López, Nuria
Rodríguez-Iruretagoyena, Begoña
Bustamante, Francisco Javier
de la Hoz, Ana Belén
Carracedo, Arkaitz
Xirodimas, Dimitris P.
Rodríguez, Manuel S.
Lu, Shelly C.
Mato, José M.
Martínez-Chantar, María L.

Pages

Subscribe to RSS - Cytoplasm