Female

Publication Title: 
Oncogene

Many degenerative diseases that occur with aging, as well as premature aging syndromes, are characterized by presenting cells with critically short telomeres. Telomerase reintroduction is envisioned as a putative therapy for diseases characterized by telomere exhaustion. K5-mTert transgenic mice overexpress telomerase in a wide spectrum of tissues. These mice have a higher incidence of both induced and spontaneous tumors, resulting in increased mortality during the first year of life.

Author(s): 
Gonz·lez-Su·rez, Eva
Geserick, Christoph
Flores, Juana M.
Blasco, Maria A.
Publication Title: 
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

In investigating the role of metal ions in the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease, we examined the effects of clioquinol, a metal-binding compound currently in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease treatment, on mutant huntingtin-expressing cells. We found that PC12 cells expressing polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin exon 1 accumulated less mutant protein and showed decreased cell death when treated with clioquinol. This effect was polyglutamine-length-specific and did not alter mRNA levels or protein degradation rates.

Author(s): 
Nguyen, Trent
Hamby, Aaron
Massa, Stephen M.
Publication Title: 
Experimental Gerontology

The purpose of this brief review is to highlight some of the more important advances in endocrinology of aging research over the past year. Four advances were chosen and briefly described.

Author(s): 
Bellino, Francis L.
Publication Title: 
Folia Morphologica

A comparison of the data published in anatomy textbooks and anthropological tables does not reveal any change in basic heart dimensions during the period since the beginning of the 20th century to nowadays. However, normal values of many other parameters have changed up to 30% over the same period. These changes may be caused by the acceleration phenomenon or the extension of average lifespan.

Author(s): 
Skwarek, M.
Grzybiak, M.
Kosi?ski, A.
Hreczecha, J.
Publication Title: 
Journal of Neurology

BACKGROUND: Memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been shown to be safe and to have beneficial effects on cognition, function, behavior, and global patient status in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in studies lasting 3-6 months. It is approved in the U.S. and Europe for the treatment of moderate to severe AD and is currently under investigation for mild to moderate AD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term safety of memantine in patients with mild to moderate AD and to investigate the tolerability of once-daily dose administration.

Author(s): 
Ott, Brian R.
Blake, Lesley M.
Kagan, Ethel
Resnick, Malca
Memantine MEM-MD-11AB Study Group
Publication Title: 
BMC medical genetics

BACKGROUND: Family studies and heritability estimates provide evidence for a genetic contribution to variation in the human life span. METHODS: We conducted a genome wide association study (Affymetrix 100K SNP GeneChip) for longevity-related traits in a community-based sample. We report on 5 longevity and aging traits in up to 1345 Framingham Study participants from 330 families.

Author(s): 
Lunetta, Kathryn L.
D'Agostino, Ralph B.
Karasik, David
Benjamin, Emelia J.
Guo, Chao-Yu
Govindaraju, Raju
Kiel, Douglas P.
Kelly-Hayes, Margaret
Massaro, Joseph M.
Pencina, Michael J.
Seshadri, Sudha
Murabito, Joanne M.
Publication Title: 
Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease which is caused by degeneration of motor neurons in the central nervous system. The incidence of ALS is higher in men than women, but the female advantage disappears with increased age. Here, we report evidence that the female advantage is due to the protective role of estrogen. In an ALS mouse model carrying the human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (hSOD1) G93A transgene, ovariectomy did not alter the onset age of the disease while reducing the female lifespan by 7 days and making it comparable to that of the male transgenic mice.

Author(s): 
Choi, Chan-Il
Lee, Young-Don
Gwag, Byoung Joo
Cho, Sung Ig
Kim, Sung-Soo
Suh-Kim, Haeyoung
Publication Title: 
International Journal of Molecular Medicine

The sirtuin 1 protein (SIRT1) is a member of the class III NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, which are also referred to as the 'sirtuins'. The sirtuins and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in particular, are known to play a role in the response to DNA damage, metabolism, longevity and carcinogenesis. SIRT1 regulates different cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis through deacetylation of important regulatory proteins such as p53, FOXO3a and NFkappaB.

Author(s): 
Engel, Nicole
Mahlknecht, Ulrich
Publication Title: 
Human Movement Science

This study aimed to continue our characterization of finger strength and multi-finger interactions across the lifespan to include those in their 60s and older. Building on our previous study of children, we examined young and elderly adults during isometric finger flexion and extension tasks. Sixteen young and 16 elderly, gender-matched participants produced maximum force using either a single finger or all four fingers in flexion and extension.

Author(s): 
Oliveira, Marcio A.
Hsu, Jeffrey
Park, Jaebum
Clark, Jane E.
Shim, Jae Kun
Publication Title: 
PloS One

Calorie restriction (CR) produces several health benefits and increases lifespan in many species. Studies suggest that alternate-day fasting (ADF) and exercise can also provide these benefits. Whether CR results in lifespan extension in humans is not known and a direct investigation is not feasible. However, phenotypes observed in CR animals when compared to ad libitum fed (AL) animals, including increased stress resistance and changes in protein expression, can be simulated in cells cultured with media supplemented with blood serum from CR and AL animals.

Author(s): 
Allard, Joanne S.
Heilbronn, Leonie K.
Smith, Carolina
Hunt, Nicole D.
Ingram, Donald K.
Ravussin, Eric
Pennington CALERIE Team
de Cabo, Rafael

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