Citrin deficiency can manifest in newborns as neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), in older children as failure to thrive and dyslipidemia caused by citrin deficiency (FTTDCD), and in adults as recurrent hyperammonemia with neuropsychiatric symptoms in citrullinemia type II (CTLN2). Often citrin deficiency is characterized by fondness for protein-rich and/or lipid-rich foods and aversion to carbohydrate-rich foods. NICCD.
Choroideremia (CHM) is characterized by progressive chorioretinal degeneration in affected males and milder signs in carrier females. Typically, symptoms in affected males evolve from night blindness to peripheral visual field loss, with central vision preserved until late in life. Although carrier females are generally asymptomatic, signs of chorioretinal degeneration can be observed with careful fundus examination.
OBJECTIVE: Food intake, aging, and immune function share complex influences. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine relationships between nutrient intakes from food and dietary supplements and a biomarker of immune function. DESIGN: Data were collected from participants in a cross-sectional study as well as baseline data from a longitudinal study (n=89). Subjects completed 24-hour food recalls, including supplement intake. Polyclonal mitogen phytohemmagluttin (PHA) was the immune function stimulator used. Height and weight were used to calculate body mass index.
Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) constitutes the best characterized risk for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Elevated IOP is believed to result from an increase in aqueous humor outflow resistance at the level of the trabecular meshwork (TM)/Schlemm's canal. Malfunction of the TM in POAG is associated with the expression of markers for inflammation, cellular senescence, oxidative damage, and decreased cellularity. Current POAG treatments rely on lowering IOP, but there is no therapeutic approach available to delay the loss of function of the TM in POAG patients.
Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan
An extraction and analytical method was developed for determination of the content and profiles of anthocyanins in commercial dietary supplements containing blueberry extract. Dietary supplements were refluxed with hydrochloric acid-methanol solution, and spectrophotometric assay was performed to evaluate the total anthocyanidin content in extracted solutions as delphinidin, which is one of the anthocyanidins in blueberry extract.
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
BACKGROUND: Very little is known about herbal and dietary supplement disclosure in adults with chronic medical conditions, especially on a national level. OBJECTIVE: To examine herbal and dietary supplement disclosure to conventional health care providers by adults with chronic medical conditions. DESIGN: Data on herbal and dietary supplement use (N = 5456 users) in the previous year were used from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Bi-variable analyses compared characteristics between herbal and dietary supplement disclosers and nondisclosers.
OBJECTIVE: Poor vitamin D status has been associated with osteoporosis, falls, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases, pain, nursing home placement, and other age-related conditions, but little is known about the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D status in those aged 80 and older. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that vitamin D status would be 1) poorer in a population-based multi-ethnic sample of centenarians as compared with octogenarians and 2) predicted by specific dietary, demographic or environmental factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional population-based analyses.
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic feeding with micronutrient-fortified lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) has proven useful in the rehabilitation of severely malnourished children. We recently reported that complementary feeding of 6-18-mo-old infants with an LNS known as FS50 was associated with improved linear growth and a reduction in the incidence of severe stunting during the supplementation period. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess whether a reduction in stunting seen with 12-mo LNS supplementation was sustained over a subsequent 2-y nonintervention period.
Dietary supplements represent an increasingly common source of drug-induced liver injury. Hydroxycut is a popular weight loss supplement which has previously been linked to hepatotoxicity, although the individual chemical components underlying liver injury remain poorly understood. We report two cases of acute hepatitis in the setting of Hydroxycut exposure and describe possible mechanisms of liver injury.
The authors analyzed data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation Trial (CaD) to learn more about factors affecting adherence to clinical trial study pills (both active and placebo). Most participants (36,282 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years) enrolled in CaD 1 year after joining either a hormone trial or the dietary modification trial of WHI. The WHI researchers measured adherence to study pills by weighing the amount of remaining pills at an annual study visit; adherence was primarily defined as taking > or = 80% of the pills.
