Radiation Injuries

Publication Title: 
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Head and neck cancer represents one of the main oncological problems. Its treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy leads to mucositis, and other side effects. The authors reviewed high-quality evidence published over the last 25 years on the treatment of cancer treatment-induced oral mucositis. A Medline search for double blind randomized controlled clinical trials between 1985 and 2010 was carried out. The keywords were oral mucositis, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and head and neck.

Author(s): 
Rodríguez-Caballero, A.
Torres-Lagares, D.
Robles-García, M.
Pachón-Ibáñez, J.
González-Padilla, D.
Gutierrez-Perez, J. L.
Publication Title: 
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

BACKGROUND: Homeopathic medicines are used by patients with cancer, often alongside conventional treatment. Cancer treatments can cause considerable morbidity and one of the reasons patients use homeopathic medicines is to help with adverse effects. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate effectiveness and safety of homeopathic medicines used to prevent or treat adverse effects of cancer treatments.

Author(s): 
Kassab, Sosie
Cummings, Mike
Berkovitz, Saul
Van Haselen, Robbert
Fisher, Peter
Publication Title: 
Acupuncture in Medicine: Journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society

BACKGROUND: Irradiation-induced xerostomia seriously reduces quality of life for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Anecdotal evidence suggests that acupuncture may be beneficial. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review evidence on clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in irradiation-induced xerostomia in patients with HNC. METHODS: A detailed search was performed to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of RCTs on acupuncture in irradiation-induced xerostomia, using AMED, BNIA, CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, HPSI, PsycInfo and Medline.

Author(s): 
O'Sullivan, E. M.
Higginson, I. J.
Publication Title: 
Integrative Cancer Therapies

BACKGROUND: Methods currently available to prevent and manage xerostomia which caused by radiotherapy in patients with head and neck caner have limited efficacy. Some studies suggest that acupuncture may be beneficial. OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the preventive and therapeutic effect of acupuncture for radiation-induced xerostomia among patients with head and neck cancer.

Author(s): 
Zhuang, Liping
Yang, Zongguo
Zeng, Xiantao
Zhua, Xiaoyan
Chen, Zhen
Liu, Luming
Meng, Zhiqiang
Publication Title: 
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of various treatment options for radiation-induced hyposalivation in patients with head and neck cancer. STUDY DESIGN: A literature review and meta-analysis was performed on all appropriate literature identified via MEDLINE/PubMed. RESULTS: Fourteen articles were identified that met inclusion criteria for review, and 8 articles qualified for inclusion in the meta-analysis.

Author(s): 
Lovelace, Tiffany L.
Fox, Nyssa F.
Sood, Amit J.
Nguyen, Shaun A.
Day, Terry A.
Publication Title: 
Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology

Aqueous extract of a natural herb, Terminalia chebula was tested for potential antioxidant activity by examining its ability to inhibit gamma-radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and damage to superoxide dismutase enzyme in rat liver mitochondria. The antimutagenic activity of the extract has been examined by following the inhibition of gamma-radiation-induced strand breaks formation in plasmid pBR322 DNA.

Author(s): 
Naik, G. H.
Priyadarsini, K. I.
Naik, D. B.
Gangabhagirathi, R.
Mohan, H.
Publication Title: 
International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence of and variables associated with clinically evident fat necrosis in women treated on a protocol of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy alone without external-beam whole-breast irradiation for early-stage breast carcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 6/1997 until 8/1999, 30 women diagnosed with Stage I or II breast carcinoma underwent surgical excision and postoperative irradiation via HDR brachytherapy implant as part of a multi-institutional clinical Phase I/II protocol.

Author(s): 
Wazer, D. E.
Lowther, D.
Boyle, T.
Ulin, K.
Neuschatz, A.
Ruthazer, R.
DiPetrillo, T. A.
Publication Title: 
The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

This case report describes an effort to control two primary side-effects of breast cancer radiotherapy (fatigue and skin discomfort) that used a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy with hypnosis (CBTH). Two patients, matched on demographic and medical variables (marital status, employment status, number of children, cancer diagnosis, surgical history, radiation dose), were compared: one who received a CBTH intervention and one who received standard care.

Author(s): 
Schnur, Julie B.
Montgomery, Guy H.
Publication Title: 
Health Psychology: Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

OBJECTIVE: The study purpose was to test the effectiveness of a psychological intervention combining cognitive-behavioral therapy and hypnosis (CBTH) to treat radiotherapy-related fatigue. DESIGN: Women (n = 42) scheduled for breast cancer radiotherapy were randomly assigned to receive standard medical care (SMC) (n = 20) or a CBTH intervention (n = 22) in addition to SMC. Participants assigned to receive CBTH met individually with a clinical psychologist. CBTH participants received training in hypnosis and CBT.

Author(s): 
Montgomery, Guy H.
Kangas, Maria
David, Daniel
Hallquist, Michael N.
Green, Sheryl
Bovbjerg, Dana H.
Schnur, Julie B.
Publication Title: 
Die Nahrung

The effect of 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 160 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) of aqueous extract of cystone (an ayurvedic herbal medicine) administered intraperitoneally was studied on the radiation-induced mortality in mice exposed to 10 Gy of gamma-radiation. Treatment of mice with different doses of cystone, consecutively for five days before irradiation, delayed the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when compared with the non-drug treated irradiated controls.

Author(s): 
Jagetia, Ganesh Chandra
Baliga, Manjeshwar Shrinath

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